Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial
Serve PHP7 using PHP7-fpm and Apache 2.4

By default, in Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial, installing the packages for PHP, PHP-fpm, and Apache does not result in a working php website. 

The extra configuration required follows:

Install Apache2
> sudo apt-get -y install apache2

Install php, with some common packages
> sudo apt-get -y install php php-cli php-mbstring php-gd php-mcrypt php-pgsql php-mysql php-xml php-curl php-intl

Create your own apache vhost config
> vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/vhosts

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName tutorial.localhost    
    DocumentRoot /path/to/tutorial/web    
    SetEnv APP_ENV "dev"    
    <Directory /path/to/tutorial/web>        
       AllowOverride All        
       Require all granted #<-- 2.4 New configuration    
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Enable your vhost config
> sudo a2ensite vhosts

Disable the defualt config
> sudo a2dissite 000-default

And the missing parts of conflagration:

Enable php7-fpm
> sudo a2enconf php7.0-fpm

Enable rewrite so frameworks such as Symfony, Zend, Larvel, etc work with 'pretty' urls
enable proxy so apache can send php requests to php7-fpm
> sudo a2enmod rewrite proxy proxy_fcgi

And restart apache
> sudo systemctl restart apache2

PHP should be working now

> vi /path/to/webroot/phpinfo.php

<?php
phpinfo();